Applied Behavioural Analysis is referred to as ABA. The goal of behaviour analysis as a science is to comprehend, foretell, and alter behaviour. The majority of experts in behaviour analysis are involved in behaviour intervention for autistic children, a strategy for modifying the behaviour of autistic children. We will exclusively discuss ABA as an intervention therapy for children with autism. To "learn" desired behaviours, ABA employs operant conditioning and positive reinforcement (compliments and incentives). Although praising children for acting in ways that are not natural to they may seem innocuous, autistic activists and supporters say that doing so is a grooming strategy that may cause internalised guilt and pain later in life.

Because the target behaviours that ABA teaches are chosen without taking into account autistic requirements, such as part of the therapeutic or overload, it is frequently criticised. Children with autism are trained to carry out activities regardless of whether doing so hurts them. Instead of easing the strain and pressure on autistic children, ABA practitioners attempt to modify such behaviours because they lack the training and resources to comprehend the sensory, social, and emotional demands of autistic people. 

ABA treatment is continually developing and getting better. However there are several fundamental ABA methods and approaches that licenced behavioural analysts use to support autistic children's success in any setting. Techniques used in ABA Therapy are given below:

• Positive and Negative Reinforcement

The use of positive and negative reinforcement with children is a practise most parents and educators are acquainted with. Children learn what behaviours are proper and inappropriate by receiving rewards for good conduct and receiving punishment  "relationship counsellor" for bad behaviour. One of the most popular ABA teaching strategies utilised by both professionals and parents is positive and negative reinforcement. 

• Video Modeling 

Children with autism can learn certain skills, such as how to connect socially with classmates, through video modelling. Also, it might be utilised to teach kids how to communicate their feelings whether they're unhappy, terrified, or angry. Youngsters innately copy  relationship counsellor what they see on television and in daily life. This is an advantage that ABA teaching methods like video modelling attempt to capitalise on. By seeing the video, the toddler learns how to behave. Then, when they are in the same circumstance, they imitate what they have observed.  

• Prompting and Fading

Children are taught using prompts or signals using the ABA treatment approach of prompting and fading. A therapist could provide a kid verbal or physical cues to help them master a new set of skills or finish an activity. A physical cue might include directing a child's hands while they work on a job or demonstrating a skill with a hand gesture. These bodily cues are intended to be kind and supportive. Verbal cues are phrases or words that are used to motivate a youngster to carry out a certain action. To prompt children to greet others or to clean their hands before eating, you may use verbal cues. 

Natural Environment Teaching

Teaching in a natural setting allows kids to learn in practical situations. You take the youngster to the grocery shop and educate them there rather than attempting to educate them at home how and where to behave in the shop. This method is among the trickier ABA therapy methods, yet it works quite well. For kids with autism, ABA facilities are yet another excellent learning environment. Kids can study in a natural setting among other kids and trained, qualified personnel.

• Behaviour Chain

Understanding an unfamiliar task can be daunting for kids with autism. But, the behaviour chain approach can make it easier by segmenting a single, overwhelming duty into several smaller, more manageable activities. To make an activity easier for the kid, therapists frequently combine the behaviour chain approach with suggestions. Depending on the particular assignment, they may begin with process one or begin at the end and move backward. 

• Generalisation

Teaching a child to generalise is showing them how to apply a certain notion in a different situation or setting. The generalisation approach may be used by a therapist to assist your kid in applying what they have learnt at home to their schoolwork if they are receiving home-based ABA therapy. For instance, if a youngster picks up the habit of asking for a cup of water when they are thirsty at home, they may later use it when they are thirsty in a car or at the park. Generalization leverages the child's existing knowledge and abilities and applies them to additional similar situations.

• Behaviour  Contracts

For somewhat older autistic children who are used to both positive and negative reinforcement, behaviour contracts are effective. There are actions or behaviours specified in the contract that the psychotherapist or the parents wants the kid to take. They receive a reward for successfully completing the activity or engaging in the action. The contract outlines who is accountable for carrying out the agreement: the kid, the parent, or the therapist. Often, behaviour contracts specify the incentive, such as gold coins. The youngster receives a greater prize, such as sweets or a trip to the movies, if they have accumulated enough gold tokens.