Even small amounts of peanuts can trigger severe reactions in some people, including contact-based reactions. While peanut allergies are more common in children, adults can also be affected. In India, around 2% of children and adults have a peanut allergy, and this number is increasing.
If you suspect you have a peanut allergy, it’s important to recognize the symptoms and know the treatment options. In this blog, we explore the best treatments for peanut allergies in adults. Keep reading to learn more!
What Is Peanut Allergy?
A peanut allergy occurs when the body reacts abnormally to peanut proteins. It is the most common food allergy in children under 18 and the third most common in adults. Peanuts, though classified as legumes (like peas and lentils), have proteins similar to tree nuts such as pecans and walnuts, so people with peanut allergies might also be allergic to tree nuts.
Allergic reactions can occur quickly, ranging from mild to severe or even life-threatening. If you have a peanut allergy, avoiding peanuts is crucial, and it's important to read food labels and be cautious when eating out.
Peanut Allergy Treatment for Adults
Managing a peanut allergy requires strict discipline and adherence to treatment protocols. This may involve avoiding all peanut products or undergoing a year-long allergy desensitization treatment. Here are some treatment methods to reduce the risk of allergic reactions:
- Take antihistamines or corticosteroids to manage mild allergic reactions.
- Undergo desensitization treatment through oral immunotherapy.
- Adjust recipes and meal choices to avoid peanut contact.
Use epinephrine (EpiPen®) for anaphylaxis emergencies.
Common Medications for Peanut Allergies:
- Epinephrine: Reverses symptoms of anaphylaxis (EpiPen®, AUVI-Q®, Adrenaclick®, Symjepi®).
- Antihistamines: Reduces itching and nasal congestion.
- Corticosteroids: Minimizes swelling during allergic reactions.
Peanut Allergy Symptoms
Peanut allergies can be triggered by direct contact with peanuts or by consuming peanut products. Common symptoms include:
- Skin reactions like swelling, redness, or hives
- Itching or tingling in or around the mouth and throat
- Digestive issues such as diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, or vomiting
- Throat tightness or constriction
- Shortness of breath or wheezing
Expert's Advice
Health expert Lavina Chauhan strongly recommends that individuals with peanut allergies carry an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) at all times. It is a life-saving tool and should be used immediately in case of accidental exposure and severe allergic reactions.
Final Say
Peanut allergies are serious, and it is important to take precautions to avoid exposure. If you or someone you know has a peanut allergy, always have an emergency action plan and the necessary medications on hand. With the right preparation and awareness, peanut allergies can be effectively managed, reducing the risk of severe reactions.
FAQs
1. What causes peanut allergies?
Peanut allergies occur when the immune system mistakenly identifies peanut proteins as harmful, leading to an allergic reaction. Sensitization can happen through early exposure or unknown factors.
2. How is peanut allergy diagnosed?
Peanut allergies are diagnosed through skin or blood tests.
3. What foods should I avoid if I have a peanut allergy?
Avoid foods like cookies, baked goods, candy, ice cream, and certain sauces that may contain peanuts.
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